36 valuable tips! The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in collaboration with the Ministry of Finance, unveils key policies aimed at strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers for 2020.

In 2020, we will firmly implement the outcomes of the Central Rural Work Conference, the No. 1 Central Document, and the Government Work Report of the State Council. Focusing on advancing the rural revitalization strategy, winning the battle against poverty, achieving the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects as scheduled, and addressing the new challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, we will continue to strengthen agricultural support measures, enhance project coordination and integration, and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. To ensure that farmers and people from all sectors of society are well-informed about the nation’s policies aimed at boosting agriculture and benefiting farmers—and to leverage these policies as a guiding force—we are now releasing the key agricultural support initiatives jointly implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance in 2020.

1. Agricultural Production Development and Distribution

1. Farmland Fertility Protection Subsidy. The subsidy recipients are, in principle, farmers who hold land contract rights and cultivate the fields. The subsidy funds are distributed through "Direct cash payouts to households through mechanisms like the 'One Card (or Discount) Pass,' with strict prohibition against centralized or pooled use under any circumstances. Each province (autonomous region, municipality) will continue to follow the requirements outlined in the 'Notice from the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Agriculture on Fully Implementing the Reform of Agricultural 'Three Subsidies'' (Cai Nong [2016] No. 26), while also tailoring subsidy recipients, methods, and amounts to their specific local conditions. Additionally, regions are encouraged to gradually link subsidy distribution to officially recognized land rights areas. Innovative approaches are also encouraged, with a focus on sustainable, eco-friendly practices—particularly exploring ways to tie subsidy payments directly to farmers' commitments to protecting cultivated land, thereby motivating them to actively enhance soil fertility and maintain long-term agricultural productivity.'"

2. Agricultural Machinery Purchase Subsidy. Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) will select and determine their own list of subsidized machinery within the categories provided by the central government’s agricultural machinery purchase subsidy program. Priority will be given to ensuring subsidies for equipment essential for producing key agricultural products like grain, as well as machinery supporting environmentally friendly agricultural practices. Additionally, the range of eligible equipment will be expanded to include tools specifically designed for the resourceful utilization of livestock and poultry manure. All automated feeding systems and other equipment that support the production of livestock products such as pork will now be fully covered under provincial subsidy programs. Furthermore, machinery like orchard track transporters—critical for boosting industrial development in impoverished areas, especially in hilly and mountainous regions—will also be included in the national subsidy program, with individual provinces responsible for selecting specific items to subsidize. Subsidy amounts will be calculated based on the average market price of comparable products from the previous year, with the calculation ratio generally not exceeding a certain threshold. 30%. Implement a subsidy policy for scrapping and upgrading agricultural machinery, providing appropriate financial assistance for retiring outdated equipment.

3. Competitive and Distinctive Industry Clusters. Adhering to the principles of market-driven development and government support, we will follow a strategy of developing the entire industry chain and enhancing the full value chain. This approach will help us identify and support leading industries within the province that boast strong foundations, significant scale, distinctive features, and clear competitive advantages, ultimately fostering a group of well-structured, fully integrated, and highly competitive specialty industrial clusters. We’ll focus on addressing key bottlenecks and critical links in industrial development, paving the way for transformative changes in how industries are shaped and positioned. "Small local specialties" have been upgraded into "major industries," with spatial layouts shifting from "flat distribution" to "cluster-based development," and market dynamics evolving from "homogeneous competition" to "collaborative win-win partnerships." In 2020, the first batch of 50 industrial clusters were officially launched for support, with plans for continued funding. The central government will provide appropriate financial subsidies to approved clusters, helping provinces strengthen their efforts across the entire industry chain—including base construction, mechanized harvesting and planting, storage and preservation, primary processing at the place of origin, deep processing, modern logistics, and brand development. Additionally, innovative approaches to funding will be encouraged, with support mechanisms such as post-construction reimbursement, performance-based incentives, interest-rate subsidies on loans, and government procurement of services, all designed to assist relevant stakeholders effectively.

4. National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park. Focusing on advantageous and specialized industries, we will prioritize two key tasks: fostering the integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors, and innovating mechanisms to boost farmers' incomes through stronger linkages. In 2020, efforts will continue to establish 31 new National Modern Agricultural Industrial Parks. A selection of these parks will be officially recognized as National Modern Agricultural Industrial Parks, with a strong focus on improving their infrastructure and enhancing public service capabilities. The creation process is led by each province (autonomous region, or municipality directly under the central government), while the central government will provide partial financial subsidies to those parks that meet the established criteria. Additional incentive funds will be allocated based on performance, following mid-term evaluations and final recognition conducted jointly by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance.

5. A strong agricultural industry town. Continuing to leverage townships as platforms, we will focus on leading industries, strengthen and expand rural sectors, and accelerate the development of a group of market entities engaged in industrial production and operations. We’ll also innovate mechanisms that link farmers more closely to shared industry benefits. Key support will be directed toward critical areas and weak links in the full-industry-chain development process—such as storage, preservation, processing, and marketing—helping to drive the transformation and upgrading of flagship industries, enabling them to grow from large-scale to robust. This will ultimately lead to the establishment of a number of strong agricultural towns characterized by prominent leading industries, integrated urban-rural development, and an environment that’s both ideal for business and living. Central government finances will provide backing through the allocation of incentive-based subsidies, encouraging businesses and farmers to establish close-knit benefit-sharing models—including structured order-based procurement, guaranteed minimum dividends, and secondary rebates—thereby empowering farmers to collectively capture added value across the entire industry chain. In 2020, a total of 259 towns (and townships) were supported in launching initiatives to strengthen their agricultural industries.

6. Agricultural Products Geographical Indication Protection Project. Support the development of regional specialty variety breeding bases and core production facilities, while improving production conditions and equipping them with advanced storage and preservation infrastructure. Strengthen the establishment of a robust production technology standard system, enhance integrated technologies for maintaining unique product qualities, and promote standardized production across the entire agricultural value chain. Additionally, celebrate traditional farming heritage, share compelling historical narratives tied to local landmarks, and boost product marketing efforts to build strong, distinctive brand recognition. Finally, encourage the use of information technology to implement comprehensive product traceability systems, helping to establish clear identity, branding, and digital presence for geographically indicated agricultural products.

7. Promote information delivery to villages and households. Support the province-wide promotion and construction of agricultural information service centers. Strictly follow the "Implementation Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture on Fully Promoting the Information Access to Villages and Households Project" (No. Nongshi Fa [ (No. 7, 2016) calls for organized implementation, emphasizing the establishment of Yi Nong Information Stations based on the "Six Essentials" standard. This initiative aims to enhance convenient services, e-commerce capabilities, and training/learning experiences, while also promoting the "Internet Plus" approach to facilitate the distribution of agricultural products from rural areas into urban markets. Ultimately, the Yi Nong Information Stations will be developed into a one-stop service hub dedicated to agricultural support.

8. Revitalizing the dairy industry and transforming and upgrading the livestock sector. Support the development of high-quality alfalfa production bases to reduce feed costs for dairy farming and enhance the quality of raw milk. Focusing particularly on the agro-pastoral transition zones in northern China, we will support cattle and sheep farms (and individual farmers) as well as specialized forage service organizations in harvesting, storing, and preserving premium forages such as silage corn, alfalfa, and oat grass. This approach—integrating livestock raising with forage cultivation—will accelerate the adjustment of planting structures and foster the growth of a modern forage industry. Examples include regions like Inner Mongolia and Sichuan. Subsidies will be provided to beef cattle farms (including farms, communities, and individual households) within the project area that use high-quality semen for artificial insemination, as well as to sheep and yak breeders who maintain breeding stock. Additionally, the promotion and adoption of superior pig breeds and semen are encouraged and supported to accelerate improvements in swine genetics. Meanwhile, a Bee Industry Quality Enhancement Initiative will be implemented in 10 major honey-producing provinces, including Heilongjiang and Jiangsu, to support the establishment of demonstration zones focused on developing efficient, high-quality beekeeping industries.

9. Green, High-Quality, and High-Efficiency Action for Key Crops. Establish a batch of green, high-quality, and efficient production demonstration zones, integrating and assembling cutting-edge green technologies across the entire farming process—from cultivation to management and harvesting. Demonstrate and promote new, high-yielding, multi-resistant, and stress-tolerant varieties, while focusing on building specialized production bases for premium-quality rice with excellent taste, high-quality wheat tailored for specific uses, soybeans rich in oil and protein, low-glucosinolate/low-erucic acid rapeseed, superior cotton, high-yield, high-sugar sugarcane, and top-tier fruits, vegetables, tea, as well as authentic medicinal herbs. These efforts will drive balanced, large-scale regional development, boosting stable, high yields in crop production, reducing costs, enhancing efficiency, and improving overall quality and productivity. Southern provinces majoring in early-season rice production should prioritize support for early-rice farming to help restore double-cropping systems.

10. Promote dryland water-saving agricultural technologies. With the goal of strengthening and enhancing the comprehensive productivity of agriculture in arid regions and improving resource-use efficiency, we will strategically focus regional development efforts toward the Yellow River Basin. This includes demonstrating advanced water- and fertilizer-integrated technologies, such as rainwater harvesting for supplemental irrigation, ridge-furrow mulching irrigation, and soil-moisture-based precision irrigation—technologies that significantly boost water and nutrient efficiency. Additionally, we will showcase cutting-edge dryland farming techniques like water conservation through soil moisture retention and drought/stress-resistance strategies, further optimizing the utilization of natural rainfall. Building on the unique water resource conditions of arid and semi-arid areas, we will conduct pilot projects to test and demonstrate new agricultural technologies, products, and materials tailored for water-saving practices in dryland farming. By innovating and integrating these advanced water-efficient agricultural models, we aim to drive the green, high-quality development of agriculture in arid regions.

11. Organic Fertilizer as a Substitute for Chemical Fertilizers Initiative. With the goal of reducing chemical fertilizer use while increasing organic fertilizer application, we will support key counties in replacing chemical fertilizers with organic ones for fruits, vegetables, and tea crops. Priority regions for this initiative will be strategically shifted toward the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Yellow River Basin, while pilot crop programs will expand to include other high-potential horticultural and field crops that can significantly cut fertilizer needs. We will integrate and promote advanced technical approaches such as composting and returning composted materials to fields, applying commercial organic fertilizers, and using biogas residue and liquid for nutrient recycling. At the same time, we’ll enhance and optimize supporting facilities and equipment to boost the quality and efficiency of fruit, vegetable, and tea production, while also fostering resource circulation and sustainable farming practices. This effort will be closely aligned with initiatives aimed at the resourceful utilization of livestock and poultry manure. To encourage farmers and new agricultural business models to adopt organic fertilizer practices, we’ll implement innovative financing mechanisms, including government procurement of services, technology subsidies, and material incentives. These measures will help build a robust network of productive service organizations, accelerate the adoption of organic fertilizers, and further strengthen the integration of crop and livestock production systems.

12. Socialized services for agricultural production. Focusing on key agricultural products like grain, cotton, oilseeds, and sugar, as well as locally specialized leading industries, socialized services will be carried out in concentrated, contiguous areas. These services will increasingly center on agricultural production entrustment models, targeting smallholder farmers as the primary beneficiaries, while focusing specifically on critical yet vulnerable stages of farming and addressing farmers' most urgent production needs. A "service-first, subsidy-later" approach will be adopted to support service providers such as professional service companies, supply-and-marketing cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, farmer-led service cooperatives, and family farms. Priority will also be given to entities that have installed mechanical operation-monitoring sensors, helping to elevate the market-oriented, professional, large-scale, and digitally advanced quality of socialized agricultural services. Early-rice-producing provinces like Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, and Guangxi are encouraged to prioritize the promotion of socialized services—particularly early-rice production entrustment models—in their regions.

13. Deep loosening and land preparation with agricultural machinery. Support deep loosening and land preparation operations using agricultural machinery in suitable regions, with the nationwide operational area reaching More than 140 million mu, with an operational depth typically required to reach or exceed 25 centimeters, breaking through the plow pan.

14. Grain-Producing County Incentive. For regularly designated major grain-producing counties, super-large grain-producing counties, major oilseed-producing counties, commodity grain-providing provinces, and seed-production powerhouse counties that meet the criteria, Provinces implementing the "High-Quality Grain Project" will receive incentives. The funding allocated to traditionally large grain-producing counties will be provided as a financial subsidy, managed and distributed centrally by the county-level people's government. Meanwhile, other incentive funds will be used, in accordance with relevant regulations, to support the development of the grain and oil industry.

15. Reward for large counties exporting live pigs (cattle and sheep). This includes rewards for major counties exporting live pigs, as well as those exporting cattle and sheep, along with provincially pooled incentive funds. The funds allocated for counties exporting live pigs and those exporting cattle and sheep are jointly managed by the county-level people's governments to support local pig (cattle and sheep) production, distribution, and industry development. Meanwhile, the provincially pooled incentive funds are managed by the provincial-level people's governments to bolster pig (cattle and sheep) production, distribution, and industrial growth across the province (autonomous region or municipality directly under the central government).

16. Corn, soybean producer subsidies, and rice subsidies. To consolidate the achievements of the agricultural supply-side structural reform, and building on the market-driven pricing of corn and soybeans, the national government continues to implement producer subsidy policies for corn and soybeans in the three northeastern provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Central financial support for corn subsidies in these provinces (and region) will not exceed In 2014, the base-year sown area for soybeans was capped at no more than the 2019 base-year level, remaining unchanged from 2020 to 2022. To support the ongoing reforms of the rice procurement and storage system and the price formation mechanism, the national government continues to implement a rice subsidy policy in key rice-producing provinces. The central fiscal allocation for rice subsidies is capped at 85% of the average annual rice yield during the base period (2016–2018).

II. Green Agricultural Production and Conservation & Sustainable Use of Agricultural Resources

17. Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidy and Incentive. In Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, and others Eight provinces (autonomous regions) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps are implementing grazing bans with subsidies, as well as grassland-livestock balance incentives. Meanwhile, a "comprehensive" policy is being rolled out in Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and the Heilongjiang Provincial Land Reclamation Administration.

18. Fishing Ban Compensation for Key Waterways in the Yangtze River Basin. The central government is providing support for the fishing ban in key waters of the Yangtze River basin by combining a one-time subsidy with transitional grants, aiming to restore aquatic biodiversity and rehabilitate the river’s ecological environment. Specifically, the one-time subsidy will be allocated by local authorities based on their specific needs, primarily to compensate fishermen for surrendering their fishing rights and decommissioning specialized fishing equipment—these funds will be directly distributed to eligible fishermen who have voluntarily retired from fishing activities. Meanwhile, the transitional grants will be managed locally to cover expenses related to promoting and enforcing the fishing ban, offering incentives for early retirements, strengthening law enforcement and management, and addressing emergency situations—all activities directly tied to the implementation of the ban.

19. Subsidies for Fisheries Development and Ship Scrapping, Decommissioning, and Replacement. In line with the need for balanced and coordinated development between marine fishing intensity and resource regeneration capacity, we will support fishermen in reducing their fleets and transitioning to alternative livelihoods, as well as promote the construction of artificial reefs to help restore the aquatic ecosystem. At the same time, we will adapt to the new realities of modern and specialized fisheries development by strictly controlling both the number and power output of marine fishing vessels. "Under the 'dual control' targets and without increasing fishing intensity, we will systematically upgrade and retrofit standardized fishing vessels that feature excellent selectivity, high efficiency, energy savings, and are safe and environmentally friendly. At the same time, we’ll support the wider adoption of deep-water net cages and enhance public infrastructure such as harbor navigation aids, thereby improving the fundamental conditions for fisheries development."

20. Fisheries Enhancement and Stocking Program. Conduct fish stocking and release programs in key water areas such as major river systems, large lakes, international rivers and border waters, and severely degraded marine regions, to help restore or boost fish populations, enhance and optimize the structure of aquatic fisheries communities, and ultimately achieve sustainable fisheries development.

21. Pilot Program for the Comprehensive Utilization of Crop Stalks. Promote the initiative on a county-wide scale across the country, prioritizing agricultural use while encouraging diversified applications. Cultivate a group of industry-driven entities and establish model counties that demonstrate comprehensive straw utilization. By stimulating market dynamism across all stages—such as returning straw to fields, collecting it from fields, and processing it for various uses—explore scalable, sustainable technical approaches, models, and mechanisms for maximizing straw’s value.

22. Resource-based treatment of livestock and poultry manure. Support large livestock counties in implementing resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and explore ways to promote manure-to-resource initiatives in counties that are not major livestock producers. Following the principles of government support, enterprise-led operations, and market-oriented management, prioritize on-site and nearby applications—such as rural energy production and organic fertilizer for agricultural use—as the primary methods of utilization. Additionally, invest in the construction (or expansion) of facilities for collecting, treating, and utilizing livestock and poultry manure, along with establishing regional centralized manure treatment centers and large-scale biogas projects. This approach will ensure that all large-scale farms achieve comprehensive manure management and resource recovery, ultimately fostering an integrated agro-pastoral system characterized by cyclical development between crop cultivation and livestock farming.

23. Recycling and Reusing Plastic Film. Supporting Inner Mongolia, Gansu, and Xinjiang 100 counties will comprehensively promote the recycling and reuse of used plastic film, while encouraging other regions to independently explore similar initiatives. Support will be provided to establish and improve a robust recycling and processing system for waste plastic film, featuring diverse mechanisms such as operators handing in materials, specialized organizations taking responsibility for collection, processing companies facilitating recovery, and trade-in programs offering incentives. Additionally, efforts will be made to pilot an extended producer responsibility system for plastic film, under which manufacturers are held accountable for the entire lifecycle of their products—from production to end-of-life management.

24. Pilot program for crop rotation and fallowing systems on cultivated land. In 2020, the central government continued to support pilot programs for crop rotation and fallowing. Specifically, the crop-rotation initiatives were primarily implemented in the cool and temperate regions of Northeast China, the agro-pastoral transition zones in Northern China, the Huang-Huai-Hai region, the double-cropping rice areas in South China, and soybean, peanut, and rapeseed-producing regions along the Yangtze River basin. Meanwhile, the fallowing pilot programs were mainly carried out in areas suffering from excessive groundwater extraction and in severely degraded ecological regions of Northwest China.

3. Farmland Development

25. Construction of high-standard farmland. In 2020, following the five unified requirements of "unified planning and layout, unified construction standards, unified organization and implementation, unified acceptance and evaluation, and unified mapping and database entry," China built 80 million mu of high-standard farmland nationwide, with a particular focus on grain production functional areas and key agricultural product protection zones. In terms of specific construction activities, in line with the "General Guidelines for High-Standard Farmland Construction," efforts were concentrated on land leveling, soil improvement, agricultural water conservancy systems, mechanized farm roads, and farmland power distribution equipment—strengthening agricultural infrastructure to enhance overall farming productivity and effectively implementing the national strategy of "storing grain in the land and in technology."

26. Conservation and sustainable use of the Northeast China’s black soil, along with conservation tillage practices. Continue implementing the Northeast Black Soil Protection and Utilization Project across the four provinces/regions of Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Inner Mongolia, establishing large-scale, contiguous demonstration zones to showcase a range of black soil conservation and utilization models, as well as exemplary practices in conservation tillage. Additionally, provide support for adopting technical and engineering measures aimed at controlling black soil erosion, enhancing soil organic matter levels, improving water and nutrient retention, nurturing black soils, monitoring and evaluating farmland quality, and promoting sustainable conservation farming practices. In 2020, the Northeast Black Soil Conservation Tillage Action Plan was launched to support the promotion and application of key technologies in suitable areas, such as straw mulching combined with no- or reduced-tillage seeding. These practices effectively reduce wind and water erosion, boost soil organic matter, enhance moisture retention and drought resistance, and ultimately improve both ecological and economic benefits in agriculture. The central government is providing financial support for implementing these measures across 40 million mu of land. Additionally, new types of agricultural operators and socialized service organizations are encouraged to take on the implementation tasks.

27. Protection and Enhancement of Cultivated Land Quality. Select a group of key counties with high potential for fertilizer reduction to pilot demonstrations aimed at cutting fertilizer use while boosting efficiency. Guide enterprises and social service organizations to provide scientific fertilization technology services, and support farmers and new types of agricultural operators in adopting innovative technologies and products that enhance fertilizer efficiency while reducing overall usage. Focus on addressing the critical issues of excessive fertilizer application and low utilization rates. Additionally, choose select counties to launch pilot projects focused on recycling and managing waste from fertilizer packaging. Continue to support efforts such as conducting surveys and evaluations of arable land quality levels, monitoring soil conditions, performing soil sampling and analysis, carrying out field-based fertilizer efficacy tests, developing and disseminating customized fertilizer formulas, and leveraging data from soil testing and precision fertilization programs. Finally, implement measures to rehabilitate degraded farmland. In areas affected by soil acidification, demonstrate integrated approaches like applying lime-based materials and acidic soil conditioners, planting green manure crops to return nutrients to the soil, optimizing water and nutrient management, and employing biological remediation techniques. Meanwhile, in regions facing soil salinization and alkalization, combine these challenges with drainage and irrigation infrastructure improvements, showcasing integrated strategies such as using alkaline soil conditioners, salt-reducing tillage practices, and increasing the application of composted organic fertilizers—ultimately aiming to restore and enhance the quality of farmland soils.

4. Cultivating New Types of Business Entities

28. Cultivating high-quality farmers. We will focus on implementing training programs targeting new types of agricultural business operators, leaders in industry-based poverty alleviation, pioneers among rural practical talents, returning and relocating innovators and entrepreneurs, as well as skilled professionals in farming, breeding, and processing. These initiatives aim to accelerate the development of high-quality farmers who are culturally literate, technically proficient, business-savvy, and adept at management. Additionally, we will intensify efforts in industry-specific, precision-targeted poverty alleviation training, ensuring deeper and more impactful outreach. "Leading Training Initiative for Industry-Based Poverty Alleviation in 'Three Regions and Three Prefectures' and Beyond."

29. High-quality development of new agricultural business entities. First, support the construction of agricultural product storage and preservation facilities by new types of agricultural business entities. Focus on fresh and high-value agricultural products at their places of origin. In accordance with the spirit of Document No. 117 [2018], provinces were evaluated based on their implementation of rural living environment improvement initiatives, following the "Implementation Measures for Incentive Programs in Rural Living Environment Improvement." As a result, a list of 20 counties (cities, districts, and banners) recognized for outstanding achievements in rural人居环境 improvement was finalized. In 2020, the central government provided financial incentives to counties demonstrating significant progress in rural人居环境 enhancement, with funds primarily allocated toward comprehensive village-level improvements—such as advancing the rural toilet revolution across entire villages and upgrading village appearance and infrastructure.

30. Agricultural Credit Guarantee Services. The program focuses on serving family farms, farmer cooperatives, agricultural social service organizations, and small- to medium-sized agricultural enterprises—essentially, all entities engaged in moderately scaled agricultural operations. The scope of services is limited to agricultural production activities (including farming, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, and farmland development, hereinafter referred to as "agricultural production") as well as industry integration projects directly tied to agricultural production. These projects involve providing farmers with agricultural inputs, agricultural technologies, and machinery, along with services such as agricultural product procurement, storage, preservation, sales, and primary processing, as well as supporting emerging agricultural business models—all within county-level regions. Importantly, the program emphasizes support for the production of critical agricultural commodities like grain and live pigs. Central government finances provide subsidies for both guarantee fees and operational incentives aimed at helping provincial agricultural guarantee companies reduce their fee structures and better manage risks associated with loan defaults. This ensures that the actual guarantee rates borne by borrowers under these policy-backed agricultural guarantee programs remain capped at a specified level. 0.8% (policy-driven poverty alleviation projects not exceeding 0.5%).

31. Reform and Development of the Grassroots Agricultural Extension System. By leveraging government procurement of services and other mechanisms, we will support market-oriented service providers in delivering agricultural technical assistance. This includes refining the integrated development framework for public-benefit and commercially driven agricultural services, thereby establishing a diversified, complementary, and highly collaborative agricultural extension system. Additionally, we will vigorously promote online guidance services and performance evaluations through digital tools, enhancing both the reach and utilization rate of China’s agricultural extension information platform. Furthermore, we’ll establish science and technology demonstration sites, cultivate key demonstration entities, and accelerate the adoption of cutting-edge technologies that boost productivity, reduce costs, and improve efficiency—such as green farming practices and eco-friendly, circular agricultural models. These efforts will help create model smart farms and sustainable, resource-efficient ecological farms. Eight provinces are launching pilot programs for the collaborative promotion of key technologies. Meanwhile, a special appointment program for agricultural technology extension services is being implemented in poverty-stricken areas and major pig-producing counties.

V. Agricultural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

32. Agricultural disaster relief for production. The central government provides appropriate financial subsidies to local areas for the prevention and control of major agricultural natural and biological disasters, emergency disaster relief efforts, and post-disaster measures aimed at restoring agricultural production. Support covers essential supplies and materials needed for preventing major natural disasters and controlling biological threats, as well as those required for implementing measures to revive agricultural output. Additionally, subsidies are allocated to support pastoral regions in building hay storage facilities and barns, constructing livestock shelters, and providing emergency transportation of feed resources to help protect livestock during disaster situations.

33. Animal Disease Prevention and Control. The central government provides financial subsidies to support mandatory vaccination, compulsory culling, and harmless disposal of animal waste during the farming process. These subsidy funds are primarily allocated toward purchasing, storing, and administering (or distributing) vaccines (and deworming medications) for diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, highly pathogenic avian influenza, small ruminant pest, brucellosis, and echinococcosis—along with related preventive measures like monitoring and evaluating immunization effectiveness, ensuring proper personal protection for staff, and subsidizing the implementation of animal health services or the procurement of such services. Additionally, when animals are compulsorily culled as part of national efforts to prevent, control, and eradicate animal diseases, their owners receive compensation. The funding for these compensations is jointly covered by the central and local governments. Furthermore, the state actively supports harmless disposal of dead pigs raised in farms. Local authorities are encouraged to refine their subsidy policies for harmless disposal based on specific regional needs and requirements, ensuring that this critical aspect of disease prevention and environmental protection is effectively addressed at the farm level.

34. Agricultural Insurance Premium Subsidies. Building on local governments' autonomy in financial management and their voluntary assumption of a certain subsidy proportion, the central government provides premium subsidies to support insurance coverage for rice, wheat, corn, cotton, potatoes, oilseed crops, sugar crops, breeding sows, dairy cows, fattening pigs, forests, highland barley, yaks, Tibetan sheep, and natural rubber—as well as seed production insurance for rice, wheat, and corn. The program will continue to… Thirteen major grain-producing provinces are launching pilot agricultural disaster insurance programs targeted at moderately scaled farming households, with coverage levels that include "direct material costs plus land rent." Meanwhile, the program will continue to expand in six provinces (autonomous regions)—including Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, and Hubei—offering full-cost and income insurance pilots for both large-scale and smallholder farmers, ensuring protection that covers either the total cost of agricultural production or the value of agricultural output. Additionally, a pilot program is being rolled out across 20 provinces, providing central government financial incentives and subsidies to support local insurance initiatives focused on regionally distinctive and high-value agricultural products.

6. Rural Development  

35. Incentives for Advanced Counties in Rural Living Environment Improvement. Implementing the "Three-Year Action Plan for Improving Rural Living Environments" and the "Notice from the General Office of the State Council on Further Strengthening Incentive Support for Regions That Achieve Outstanding Results through Diligent Implementation" (Guobanfa [ In accordance with the spirit of Document No. 117 [2018], provinces were evaluated based on their implementation of rural living environment improvement initiatives, following the "Implementation Measures for Incentive Programs in Rural Living Environment Improvement." As a result, a list of 20 counties (cities, districts, and banners) recognized for outstanding achievements in rural人居环境 improvement was finalized. In 2020, the central government provided financial incentives to counties demonstrating significant progress in rural人居环境 enhancement, with funds primarily allocated toward comprehensive village-level improvements—such as advancing the rural toilet revolution across entire villages and upgrading village appearance and infrastructure.

36. The rural toilet revolution is being advanced across entire villages. Central government financial funds have been allocated as special awards and subsidies to support and guide local areas in carrying out comprehensive planning and design, coordinated mobilization, and simultaneous implementation of household toilet renovations and complementary public infrastructure projects—all based on administrative villages. Additionally, efforts are being made to establish robust, long-term maintenance mechanisms. As a result, the coverage rate of sanitary toilets has reached Around 85%. The funding grants primarily support the construction of facilities and equipment related to manure collection, storage, transportation, resource utilization, and improvements in post-operation maintenance capabilities. Grant criteria and implementation methods are determined by local areas based on their specific circumstances.