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Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, State Council

On effectively advancing the comprehensive implementation in 2022

Opinions on Key Tasks for Rural Revitalization

(January 4, 2022)

Currently, the global COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, the world economy remains on a fragile path to recovery, and climate change poses increasingly urgent challenges. Meanwhile, China faces extremely heavy and daunting tasks in advancing its economic and social development. The Party Central Committee emphasizes that to confidently navigate these unprecedented changes—both those reshaping the global landscape over the past century and the ongoing challenges posed by the pandemic—and to foster steady, healthy growth of the economy and society, we must align our efforts with the nation’s overarching strategic priorities. This means firmly safeguarding agriculture as the foundation of our economy, delivering solid results in "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers" initiatives, and continuing to comprehensively advance rural revitalization. Only then can we ensure stable agricultural production and output increases, steady income growth for farmers, and lasting stability and peace in rural communities.

To effectively carry out the "Three Rural Issues" work in 2022, we must be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and all subsequent plenary sessions of the 19th Central Committee, and deeply align with the outcomes of the Central Economic Work Conference. We should uphold the overarching principle of pursuing progress while maintaining stability, ground ourselves in the new stage of development, embrace new development concepts, foster a new development paradigm, and drive high-quality growth—while simultaneously advancing common prosperity. It is essential to strengthen and enhance the CPC's comprehensive leadership over the "Three Rural Issues" work, firmly safeguarding the two bottom lines: ensuring national food security and preventing large-scale poverty relapse. We must prioritize annual tasks, adopt targeted measures, and focus on achieving tangible results. At the same time, we should fully leverage the leading role of grassroots rural Party organizations, steadily and systematically advancing key initiatives in rural development, rural construction, and rural governance. This will help spur fresh progress in rural revitalization and enable agriculture and rural areas to take meaningful strides toward modernization.

(1) Maintain stable the annual area planted with and yield of grain "China must firmly keep its food bowl firmly in its own hands at all times, ensuring it is primarily filled with domestically produced grains. We will fully implement the principle of joint Party and government responsibility for food security, rigorously assess the accountability system for grain security, and maintain stable grain planting areas while keeping total output above 1.3 trillion jin. All major production regions, key sales areas, and balanced production-and-sales zones must safeguard both acreage and yield. At the same time, we’ll continuously enhance the comprehensive grain-producing capacity of major regions, effectively stabilize and boost self-sufficiency rates in key sales areas, and ensure basic self-reliance in grain production within balanced zones. We will also advance the construction of national grain-security industrial belts. Simultaneously, we’ll vigorously promote green, high-quality, and efficient agricultural practices, deeply implementing initiatives like the High-Quality Grain Project to improve both grain yields and quality. Additionally, we’ll intensify efforts to achieve deep water conservation and efficient water use in the Yellow River Basin—by enhancing irrigation efficiency and expanding dryland farming—to stabilize grain planting areas. Finally, we’ll proactively address challenges such as delayed wheat planting, strengthening field management during winter and spring to help weak seedlings recover and thrive."

(II) Vigorously implement the Soybean and Oilseed Production Capacity Enhancement Project Increase subsidies for crop rotation on farmland and enhance rewards for major oil-producing counties, focusing support on suitable regions, key crop varieties, and agricultural service providers. Specifically, promote maize-soybean intercropping in bands across the Huang-Huai-Hai, Northwest, and Southwest regions; implement grain-legume rotation systems in Northeast China; and launch pilot programs in certain groundwater-overexploited areas and cold-region well-irrigated rice areas of Heilongjiang Province to transition from paddy fields to dryland farming or from rice to soybeans. Additionally, expand winter-fallow land cultivation of rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin. Finally, support the expansion of camellia oleifera planting areas and upgrade low-yield forestlands for improved productivity.

(III) Ensuring the Supply of "Vegetable Basket" Products Strengthen efforts to implement the "Vegetable Basket" mayors' responsibility system. Introduce and stabilize long-term support policies for hog production, ensuring robust foundational capacity and preventing drastic fluctuations in output. Accelerate expansion of beef, mutton, and dairy production, while piloting and demonstrating initiatives to transform and upgrade grassland-based livestock farming. Maintain stable aquaculture areas and enhance the overall quality of fisheries development. Ensure consistent availability of vegetable plots in major and medium-sized cities, vigorously promoting the construction of facility-based vegetable farms in northern regions and establishing south-to-north vegetable transportation hubs—key initiatives aimed at bolstering the sector's ability to meet emergency supply demands. Further refine the targeted cotton pricing policy. Explore the introduction of full-cost insurance and income insurance programs for sugarcane cultivation. Additionally, launch pilot projects focused on renovating and upgrading aging natural rubber plantations.

(4) Reasonably ensure farmers' income from grain production To ensure that farmers find grain farming profitable and encourage major production areas to actively focus on grain cultivation, we will strengthen the mechanism that safeguards farmers' income from growing crops. In 2022, we will appropriately raise the minimum procurement prices for rice and wheat, while maintaining stable producer subsidies for corn and soybeans, as well as the existing rice subsidy policy. Additionally, we’ll extend full-cost insurance and planting-income insurance coverage to all major grain-producing counties in the provinces where these crops are primarily grown. We’ll also increase incentives for top grain-producing counties and innovate cooperative mechanisms between grain-producing and -consuming regions. Furthermore, we’ll support family farms, farmer cooperatives, and leading agricultural enterprises in scaling up grain production and improving grain quality. Focusing on critical weak links and smallholder farmers, we’ll accelerate the development of agricultural social services. This includes supporting a wide range of entities—such as agricultural service companies, farmer cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, and grassroots supply-and-marketing cooperatives—to vigorously expand single-service, multi-service, and full-process production management models. These efforts will also include promoting order-based agriculture, enhancing processing and logistics capabilities, and boosting product marketing initiatives, ultimately helping farmers maximize their overall profitability in grain cultivation.

(5) Coordinate and effectively manage the regulation of key agricultural products. . Strengthen the comprehensive monitoring and early-warning system for the entire agricultural product industry chain, promote the establishment of a unified information-sharing mechanism for agricultural supply and demand, and enhance targeted regulation and emergency preparedness tailored to specific categories and varieties. Deepen reforms in the regulatory framework and mechanisms governing grain procurement and sales, launch targeted rectification campaigns, and rigorously enforce anti-corruption measures across the system in accordance with the law. Accelerate the development of smart grain storage facilities, integrating human oversight with advanced technological solutions to bolster dynamic monitoring of grain inventories. Strictly limit the processing of fuel ethanol using corn as a raw material. Ensure adequate production, reserves, and distribution of essential agricultural inputs like fertilizers, helping stabilize supply and prices. Prioritize resource conservation by implementing the Grain Conservation Action Plan, comprehensively addressing food loss and waste across the entire production, transportation, storage, processing, and consumption chain. Meanwhile, reinforce food security education and actively combat food waste.

(6) Implement stringent, "toothed" measures for farmland protection Strengthen efforts and increase investment in building agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief capabilities. Repair agricultural and water infrastructure damaged by floods and other disasters, while intensifying activities such as ditch dredging, reservoir construction and maintenance, and the upkeep of pumping stations. Enhance emergency stockpiles of flood-fighting and drought-resistance supplies. Bolster the agricultural, rural, water resources, and meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning systems to improve resilience against extreme weather events. Strengthen grassroots-level disease control systems for both animals and plants, ensuring clear accountability at the local level. Equip these systems with sufficient, well-trained professionals, assign specific responsibilities, roles, and personnel to each task, and guarantee that major animal and plant diseases—such as African swine fever and fall armyworm—are effectively prevented, controlled, and managed. Additionally, prioritize source-control measures for zoonotic diseases. Finally, reinforce management practices for invasive alien species by conducting thorough surveys, implementing rigorous import inspections, and enforcing domestic防控 strategies. For species already established and causing significant harm, adopt targeted, "one-species, one-strategy" approaches to achieve precise eradication and effective control. Conduct long-term research into how climate change impacts agriculture over time.

"Promote poverty-alleviated regions to increasingly rely on development as the key strategy for consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation, helping脱贫群众 achieve even higher living standards. Strengthen and upgrade specialty industries in these areas, refine mechanisms that link farmers to agricultural businesses, and boost household income from farm operations among the脱贫 population. Gradually increase the proportion of central government funds allocated through rural revitalization subsidies that are directed toward industrial development, with a particular focus on supporting industries that address critical gaps—such as technology, infrastructure, and marketing—while enhancing the leading role of industry champions to drive overall sector upgrades. Further consolidate the success of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects, and explore opportunities to develop the光伏 industry in eligible脱贫 regions. Solidify responsibilities for employment assistance, ensuring stable employment levels for脱贫 labor forces. Deepen collaboration on labor mobility between eastern and western regions, while also strengthening efforts to facilitate intra-provincial job transitions. Continue implementing preferential policies to support the growth of帮扶车间 (assistance workshops). Maximize the impact of work-for-relief programs, where feasible, by increasing the share of labor compensation distributed. Effectively manage rural public welfare positions through dynamic oversight, and gradually refine and optimize policies related to ecological forest rangers." Increase investments through multiple channels: In 2022, 100 million mu of high-standard farmland was constructed, bringing the total area of efficiently watered and irrigated farmland to 400 million mu. We will coordinate planning and simultaneously implement efficient water-saving irrigation systems alongside high-standard farmland development. Localities should step up efforts to transform medium- and low-yield fields, enhancing the fertility levels of cultivated land. Additionally, we’ll develop comprehensive plans aimed at expanding farmland irrigation coverage. Key water resource projects, including major water diversion and allocation initiatives, will be carried out to optimize water distribution. Efforts will also focus on reinforcing and upgrading existing large- and medium-sized irrigation districts, while planning and constructing new, modernized irrigation systems in regions with favorable water and soil conditions—prioritizing the conversion of these large-scale districts into high-standard farmland. Furthermore, we’ll deepen the implementation of the National Black Soil Protection Program, promoting protective farming practices across 80 million mu of black soil. At the same time, we’ll actively explore untapped potential to expand arable land, supporting the moderate and orderly development of underutilized resources like saline-alkali lands that meet eligibility criteria into productive farmland. A comprehensive plan and implementation strategy for the integrated utilization of saline-alkali lands will be formulated. These lands will undergo tailored rehabilitation efforts, shifting the focus from primarily adapting crops to saline-alkali conditions toward cultivating salt- and alkali-tolerant plant varieties better suited to such environments. Finally, we’ll provide support for the establishment of national agricultural high-tech industrial demonstration zones in saline-alkali and arid/semi-arid regions. To kick off this initiative, the Third National Soil Survey will be launched nationwide.

(8) Vigorously advance research and development of critical core agricultural technologies, including seed resources. Fully implement the Action Plan for Revitalizing the Seed Industry. Accelerate the survey and collection of agricultural germplasm resources, while strengthening precise identification and evaluation efforts. Advance the construction of major national innovation platforms in the seed sector. Launch a landmark project focused on agricultural biotechnology-based breeding. Speed up the implementation of critical core technology research initiatives in agriculture, adopting mechanisms such as "listing challenges and appointing leaders" and "ministry-province collaboration," and pilot long-term R&D projects. Strengthen the development of modern agricultural industry and technology systems. Initiate pilot programs offering post-subsidies for the development and promotion of key crop varieties. Fully enforce the Seed Law, introduce an Ex-Post Derivative Variety System, bolster intellectual property protection in the seed industry, and rigorously crack down on illegal activities like counterfeit labeling and infringement through legal measures.

(9) Enhance the R&D and Application Level of Agricultural Machinery Equipment "Comprehensively identify and address existing weaknesses, strengthen collaborative, engineering-focused research on agricultural machinery equipment, and accelerate the development and manufacturing of high-horsepower machines, small-scale machinery tailored for hilly, mountainous, and facility-based horticulture areas, as well as advanced, intelligent equipment—ensuring these initiatives receive sustained, long-term support through inclusion in the National Key R&D Program. Implement subsidy policies for farmers purchasing and using agricultural machinery, while optimizing the mechanisms for disbursing these incentives. Enhance the agricultural machinery performance evaluation system, promoting a dynamic approach to subsidies that ensures eligible equipment is both introduced and phased out based on performance, with priority given to supporting machinery crucial for grain drying, tracked operations, corn-soybean intercropping, and rapeseed harvesting, while also encouraging the adoption of large-scale, multifunctional, smart agricultural machines. Additionally, drive the upgrade of emission standards for newly manufactured agricultural machinery and launch pilot programs integrating R&D, manufacturing, and application of agricultural equipment."

(10) Accelerate the development of facility agriculture Develop plastic greenhouses, solar greenhouses, and multi-span greenhouses tailored to local conditions. Centrally build factory-based facilities for seedling cultivation. Encourage the development of advanced farming systems such as factory-scale intensive livestock farming and three-dimensional ecological aquaculture. Promote research, development, and application of innovative agricultural technologies, including integrated water-fertilizer systems, automated feeding systems, and intelligent environmental control equipment. While safeguarding the ecological environment, explore opportunities to utilize undeveloped or abandoned land for advancing facility-based agriculture.

(11) Effectively Prevent and Respond to Major Agricultural Disasters Strengthen efforts and increase investment in building agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief capabilities. Repair agricultural and water infrastructure damaged by floods and other disasters, while intensifying activities such as ditch dredging, reservoir construction and maintenance, and the upkeep of pumping stations. Enhance emergency stockpiles of flood-fighting and drought-resistance supplies. Bolster the agricultural, rural, water resources, and meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning systems to improve resilience against extreme weather events. Strengthen grassroots-level disease control systems for both animals and plants, ensuring clear accountability at the local level. Equip these systems with sufficient, well-trained professionals, assign specific responsibilities, roles, and personnel to each task, and guarantee that major animal and plant diseases—such as African swine fever and fall armyworm—are effectively prevented, controlled, and managed. Additionally, prioritize source-control measures for zoonotic diseases. Finally, reinforce management practices for invasive alien species by conducting thorough surveys, implementing rigorous import inspections, and enforcing domestic防控 strategies. For species already established and causing significant harm, adopt targeted, "one-species, one-strategy" approaches to achieve precise eradication and effective control. Conduct long-term research into how climate change impacts agriculture over time.

(12) Enhance the Monitoring and Assistance Mechanism Accurately identify monitoring targets by including farming households at risk of falling back into poverty or sliding into poverty, as well as those facing sudden and severe hardships. Streamline workflow processes to reduce the time required for identification and approval. For emerging issues—such as those caused by disasters, illnesses, or epidemics—promptly implement supportive measures like social assistance and medical coverage. Strengthen accountability for monitoring and assistance efforts, ensuring no gaps in implementation and no policy loopholes remain. Continue conducting post-assessment activities to consolidate achievements made in poverty alleviation.

(13) Promote sustained income growth for poverty-alleviated populations "Promote poverty-alleviated regions to rely more on development as the key strategy for consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation, helping脱贫群众 achieve even better living standards. Strengthen and upgrade specialty industries in these areas, refine mechanisms that link farmers to agricultural businesses, and boost household income from farm operations among the脱贫 population. Gradually increase the proportion of central government funds allocated through rural revitalization subsidies that are directed toward industrial development, with a particular focus on supporting industries in addressing critical gaps—such as technology, infrastructure, and marketing—while enhancing the leading role of industry champions to drive overall sector upgrades. Further consolidate the success of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects, and explore opportunities to develop the光伏 industry in eligible脱贫 regions. Solidify responsibilities for employment assistance, ensuring stable employment levels for脱贫 labor forces. Deepen collaboration on labor mobility between eastern and western regions, while also strengthening efforts to facilitate intra-provincial job transitions. Continue implementing preferential policies to support the growth of帮扶车间 (assistance workshops). Maximize the impact of work-for-relief programs, where feasible, by increasing the share of labor compensation distributed. Effectively manage rural public welfare positions through dynamic oversight, and gradually refine and optimize policies related to ecological forest rangers."

Implement a range of policies to stabilize employment and support migrant workers. Leverage the job-creating role of medium- and large-sized cities. Launch initiatives at the county level aimed at enhancing the quality of rural-to-urban migrant workers' integration into city life. Encourage the growth of shared employment models and diverse, flexible work arrangements, while also promoting the orderly development of new employment forms. Foster and expand lifestyle services such as household assistance, logistics delivery, elderly care, and childcare. Advance the construction of entrepreneurship parks in areas where migrants return or settle, ensuring that relevant support policies are fully implemented. Intensify efforts to provide skills training tailored to migrant workers' job opportunities, as well as training for emerging professions and新业态 (new business models). Additionally, guide flexible migrant workers to enroll in basic employee medical insurance and urban employee pension schemes as required by regulations. A batch of projects aimed at addressing key weaknesses and boosting development will be implemented in the county-level areas designated as priority regions for rural revitalization. A comprehensive implementation plan will be prepared to effectively link the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements with rural revitalization efforts in these key counties. Additionally, initiatives will be launched to select and deploy national science and technology teams to these priority counties, introduce an industrial and technical advisory system, and systematically organize group-based support programs involving education and medical professionals. A robust monitoring and evaluation mechanism will also be established to track the progress and impact of development activities in these key counties. Furthermore, credit funding and insurance coverage will be significantly enhanced to bolster financial support for these areas. Finally, essential infrastructure and public services in relocated resettlement areas will be improved, while ongoing efforts will focus on strengthening local industries and launching targeted employment assistance programs specifically designed for relocated residents. Measures will be put in place to ensure proper management of residents' household registrations, safeguard their legal rights and interests, and facilitate their smooth social integration, ultimately elevating the governance standards of resettlement communities.

(Fifteen) Promote the effective implementation of support policies in poverty-alleviation areas. Maintain the overall stability of key support policies, refine and implement various assistance measures during the transition period, and conduct evaluations to assess their effectiveness. Expand the scope of East-West collaboration initiatives, deepening partnerships between regions, counties, villages, enterprises, schools, and hospitals. Under the framework of East-West cooperation and paired assistance programs, continue facilitating the cross-provincial allocation of surplus land-use indicators generated from urban-rural land-conversion projects. Additionally, steadily advance central government units' targeted poverty alleviation efforts. Strengthen implementation of micro-credit programs tailored for households that have been lifted out of poverty. Establish model cities for consumption-based poverty alleviation and demonstration zones at production sites, while leveraging the role of online platforms dedicated to selling agricultural and sideline products from formerly impoverished areas.

(Sixteen) Continuously promote the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. Encourage regions to expand the multiple functions of agriculture and unlock the diverse value of rural areas, with a particular focus on developing industries such as agricultural product processing, rural leisure tourism, and e-commerce in farming communities. Support major agricultural counties in concentrating on the agri-processing sector, guiding businesses to establish grain and oil processing facilities and food manufacturing operations directly in production areas. Advance the construction of modern agricultural industrial parks and strong agricultural towns, fostering the growth of competitive, specialty-driven industry clusters. Continue to back the creation of a new batch of national demonstration parks for integrated rural industry development. Implement the Rural Leisure Tourism Enhancement Plan, supporting the development of rural homestays and agritourism-themed villages or attractions—whether operated directly by farmers or through their participation. Qualified rural leisure tourism projects will be included within the scope of science education bases and agricultural learning practice sites for primary and secondary schools. Launch the "Digital Commerce Boosts Agriculture" initiative, promoting e-commerce expansion into rural areas. Foster the orderly and healthy growth of livestreaming sales of agricultural and sideline products. Carry out initiatives focused on improving agricultural varieties, enhancing product quality, building robust brands, and advancing standardized production practices. Accelerate the implementation of the system requiring certified, compliant quality assurance for edible agricultural products, while strengthening the comprehensive quality and safety traceability system across the entire agricultural supply chain. Finally, expedite the implementation of policies that ensure and regulate land-use planning for the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries.

(17) Vigorously develop county-level industries that boost rural prosperity. Support the extension of industries from large and medium-sized cities into county-level regions, guiding a well-organized, tiered transfer of industries. Vigorously develop industries within counties that have clear comparative advantages, strong capabilities to drive agricultural and rural development, and high employment potential, thereby fostering an "one county, one industry" development model. Strengthen grassroots innovation at the county level and enhance the integration between industrial and innovation chains. Accelerate the improvement of county-level townships' industrial service functions, encouraging industries to cluster in industrial parks while helping leading enterprises grow stronger and larger. Additionally, guide qualified central towns to establish specialized clusters for small and medium-sized micro-enterprises, and promote the development of rural workshops and family-run factories in key villages.

(18) Strengthen the Construction of County-Level Commercial Systems Implement the County-Level Commercial Development Initiative to boost rural consumption, expand its scale, and enhance its quality. Accelerate the deployment of rural logistics and express delivery networks by rolling out the "Express Delivery to Villages" project. Encourage the development of integrated township-level passenger, cargo, and postal service stations that combine multiple functions in one location, as well as village-level comprehensive delivery and logistics hubs offering versatile services. Promote joint county-township-village logistics distribution systems to foster the integrated development of passenger, cargo, and postal services in rural areas. Support large-scale retail enterprises in extending their supply chains downward, focusing particularly on county towns and central townships. Speed up the implementation of the "Internet Plus" initiative aimed at helping agricultural products leave villages and reach urban markets, fostering long-term, stable partnerships between producers and distributors. Additionally, extend cold-chain logistics networks into rural areas, driving county-wide efforts to build storage, preservation, and cold-chain infrastructure at agricultural production sites. This will facilitate cooperative operations, networked collaboration, and seamless integration across the supply chain. Finally, support supply and marketing cooperatives in launching initiatives to upgrade and strengthen county-level distribution service networks, including the establishment of centralized collection and distribution centers at the county level.

(19) Promote local and nearby employment and entrepreneurship opportunities for farmers Implement various policies to stabilize employment and support migrant workers. Leverage the employment-driving role of large and medium-sized cities. Launch initiatives to enhance the quality of rural-to-urban migrant worker integration into city life at the county level. Encourage the growth of shared employment models and diverse, flexible work arrangements, while also promoting the orderly development of new employment forms. Foster and expand lifestyle services such as household assistance, logistics delivery, elderly care, and childcare. Advance the construction of entrepreneurship parks in areas where migrants return or settle, ensuring that relevant support policies are fully implemented. Intensify efforts to provide skills training tailored to migrant workers' job opportunities, as well as training for emerging professions and新业态 (new business models). Additionally, guide flexible migrant workers to enroll in basic employee medical insurance and urban employee pension schemes as required by regulations.

(20) Promote Green Development in Agriculture and Rural Areas Strengthen comprehensive management of agricultural non-point source pollution, deeply advance the reduction of agricultural input use, enhance the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, promote the scientific application and recycling of agricultural films, and support the integrated utilization of crop residues. Establish national pilot zones for green agricultural development and conduct evaluations of green agricultural practices. Initiate projects to restore connectivity among water systems and develop ecologically beautiful rural areas. Implement major ecological conservation and restoration projects, revitalizing river and lake ecosystems while reinforcing efforts to protect and rehabilitate natural forests and promote sustainable grazing practices on grasslands. Scientifically advance nationwide afforestation initiatives. Support pastoral area development and boost herders' incomes by fully implementing the third round of policies providing ecological protection subsidies and incentives for grasslands. Develop and deploy carbon-reducing, carbon-sequestration-focused agricultural technologies, and explore mechanisms to unlock the economic value of carbon sink products. Undertake large-scale biodiversity conservation projects. Consolidate achievements from the Yangtze River fishing ban, strengthen resettlement and livelihood support for fishermen who have exited the industry, and reinforce ongoing enforcement and regulatory measures. Intensify conservation efforts for aquatic species and standardize stocking and release programs. Build a robust system of nature reserves centered around national parks. Finally, issue guidelines to guide and accelerate ecological revitalization in rural areas.

(21) Enhance the Implementation Mechanism for Rural Development To implement the requirements of revitalizing rural areas for the benefit of farmers and ensuring rural construction is built by, for, and with farmers, we must adhere to a bottom-up approach, promote village-level self-governance, and encourage active farmer participation. We will launch a comprehensive rural construction action plan, tailoring strategies to local conditions while advancing initiatives in a steady, efficient, and orderly manner. We must prioritize quality over quantity and effectiveness over mere speed, striving for excellence rather than haste, and carefully managing the timing, pace, and impact of rural development efforts. Building on existing village foundations, we’ll avoid blindly demolishing old villages to construct new ones, and we’ll refrain from pursuing large-scale financing, development, or construction projects that outpace the region’s actual growth stage. This approach aims to prevent wasteful investments and mitigate risks associated with village-level debt. Meanwhile, we’ll integrate urban and rural planning more effectively, scientifically categorizing villages based on their unique needs and priorities. For villages with favorable conditions and genuine demand, we’ll accelerate the preparation of detailed village plans, while strictly regulating any decisions to merge or relocate villages. Additionally, we’ll initiate pilot programs focused on the concentrated protection and sustainable use of traditional villages, establishing robust mechanisms for monitoring, evaluating, flagging at-risk areas, and conducting pre-approval reviews before village mergers or relocations. We’ll also safeguard culturally distinctive ethnic villages and communities. Furthermore, we’ll launch the "Save Old Houses" initiative to preserve and restore historic rural buildings. To support small-scale rural projects, we’ll streamline approval processes, standardize project management practices, and enhance the efficiency of fund utilization. Finally, we’ll share and replicate successful models of farmer-led governance, rural collective economic organizations, and grassroots participation in rural construction projects. Lastly, we’ll clearly define property rights for rural infrastructure projects and, at the county level, develop comprehensive responsibility lists outlining who is accountable for maintaining and managing public village facilities and infrastructure.

(22) Continue implementing the Five-Year Action Plan for Improving Rural Living Environments Promote the development of safer, more law-abiding rural areas at a higher level. Establish a network of "Fengqiao-style police stations" and "Fengqiao-style people's courts." Regularly launch campaigns to eradicate organized crime and evil forces, with sustained efforts to crack down on "village tyrants." Prevent criminal gangs, family-based clans, and other influential groups from undermining grassroots governance in rural areas. Enforce the law rigorously to combat illegal activities in rural regions, including gambling, drugs, and prostitution, as well as crimes that violate the personal rights of women and children in rural communities. Strengthen legal education and awareness initiatives in rural areas. Enhance grassroots-level social psychological services and crisis intervention mechanisms, creating comprehensive, one-stop systems designed to resolve conflicts and disputes through diversified approaches. Bolster the capacity for religious outreach and engagement within rural communities. Coordinately integrate emergency management resources into rural governance frameworks, accelerating the deployment of proactive rural emergency broadcasting systems and ensuring effective evacuation and shelter arrangements for residents during emergencies. Conduct thorough risk assessments and targeted remediation efforts in key areas such as rural transportation, fire safety, industrial safety, natural disaster preparedness, and food & drug safety. Vigorously tackle illegal activities like the production and sale of counterfeit agricultural inputs, illegal fundraising schemes, and telecom frauds in rural regions. Strengthen enforcement capabilities within integrated agricultural administration.ration and law enforcement agencies. Ensure that grassroots medical and health institutions fulfill their responsibilities in disease prevention and control. Continuously enhance the rural COVID-19 prevention and control system, rigorously implementing collaborative prevention and control measures alongside community-based surveillance and response strategies.

(23) Solidly advance rural infrastructure development in key areas Progressively advance the construction of third-grade and higher-level highways connecting townships, as well as paved roads linking larger natural villages (or village groups) with significant populations. Simultaneously, implement rural road safety and life-protection projects and carry out critical bridge renovation initiatives. Solidly launch pilot programs to reform the management and maintenance system for rural roads. Steadily promote automated road condition monitoring for rural highways. Accelerate the planning and upgrading of rural water supply systems, ensuring complementary installation of advanced purification and disinfection equipment. Deeply advance the Rural Power Grid Consolidation and Enhancement Project, bolstering both reliability and efficiency. Promote the development of clean energy sources in rural areas, such as solar photovoltaic systems and biomass energy technologies. Implement the Rural Housing Quality and Safety Improvement Project, continuing efforts to renovate dilapidated rural homes and retrofit them for earthquake resistance, while also refining building standards and guidelines for rural housing construction. Strengthen inspections and remediation of safety hazards in privately built rural buildings used for commercial purposes.

(24) Vigorously promote digital rural development Promote the development of smart agriculture and foster the integrated application of information technology with agricultural machinery and farming practices. Strengthen farmers' digital literacy and skills training. Leverage digital technologies to enhance rural public services, extending the reach of "Internet + Government Services" into rural areas. Focus on addressing real-world challenges by expanding big data application scenarios in agriculture and rural areas. Accelerate the standardization of digital village initiatives, develop and refine a comprehensive evaluation framework, and continuously pilot digital village projects. Additionally, bolster the construction of rural information infrastructure.

(25) Strengthen county-level coordination of basic public services Accelerate the advancement of urbanization centered on county towns as key platforms. Strengthen inclusive, foundational, and safety-net-oriented initiatives to improve people's livelihoods, and shift the focus of basic public service delivery from administrative coverage based on institutional boundaries to ensuring services reach all resident populations. Implement a new round of preschool education action plans, expanding access to affordable early childhood education resources in rural areas through multiple channels, while also enhancing special education programs. Solidly promote the establishment of integrated urban-rural school communities. Deeply advance the construction of tightly-knit county-level medical and healthcare community systems, adopt capitation-based health insurance payment models, strengthen monitoring and performance evaluation, and ensure that any savings are retained by providers while encouraging responsible cost-sharing for reasonable overspending. Drive forward the digital transformation of rural primary healthcare institutions' insurance systems, enhance comprehensive smart-monitoring capabilities, and reinforce oversight of medical insurance funds. Fully implement tiered financial assistance policies tailored to support vulnerable groups in enrolling in urban and rural residents' basic medical insurance schemes. Where conditions permit, local governments may provide operational subsidies for village clinics, and systematically address pension security, medical insurance, and other social welfare benefits for village doctors. Enhance the capacity of county-level nursing homes to provide specialized care for individuals with disabilities, and raise the standard of centralized care offered by township-level elderly care facilities. Encourage the development of daytime care services and senior dining halls in villages where feasible. Strengthen convenient service centers and social work services at the township level, and launch projects aimed at upgrading comprehensive service facilities at the village level. Establish and refine a multi-tiered, categorized social assistance system to effectively safeguard the basic living needs of farmers facing hardship. Additionally, improve grassroots mechanisms for caring and connecting party members and officials with vulnerable groups, regularly visiting elderly individuals living alone, left-behind children, and people with disabilities. Finally, enhance the network supporting child protection and care services for minors.

(26) Strengthen Rural Grassroots Organizational Development Strengthen the county-level Party committees' responsibilities in guiding townships and villages, deepen reforms of township-level administrative systems, and establish robust mechanisms for unified command and coordinated management under township Party committees. Enhance leadership team building in townships and villages following centralized leadership transitions, and comprehensively launch specialized training programs focused on rural revitalization for grassroots cadres at the village level. Continuously identify, investigate, and address weak or fragmented village Party organizations. Leverage the critical roles of first secretaries stationed in villages and dedicated work teams to bolster Party building efforts that drive rural revitalization. Refine mechanisms ensuring that significant village matters and major issues are thoroughly reviewed and discussed by village Party organizations, fully implementing the "Four Discussions and Two Public Announcements" system. Intensify city- and county-level inspection activities to reinforce grassroots oversight, while fostering stronger communication and seamless collaboration between grassroots disciplinary inspection and supervision bodies and village-level oversight committees, thereby enhancing accountability among village officials. Furthermore, refine the rural governance system by integrating Party leadership with self-governance, rule of law, and moral governance, and promote grid-based management models coupled with digital tools and precision-driven services. Advance the standardized development of village committees, expand pilot initiatives aimed at improving rural governance structures, and launch innovative experiments in village-level deliberation and consultation processes. Finally, widely adopt list-based approaches for village-level self-governance tasks and government-assisted activities, ensuring compliance with legal frameworks. Streamline the organizational branding and certification requirements for village-level entities, and implement a unified "single-form" system for collecting basic village-level data, helping to lighten the administrative burden on village-level organizations.

(27) Innovative Platforms and Vehicles for Strengthening Rural Spiritual Civilization Leveraging platforms such as the New Era Civilization Practice Centers and county-level integrated media centers, we will carry out targeted, audience-specific publicity and education campaigns to promote and embody the core socialist values. In rural areas, we will innovatively launch educational initiatives centered around the theme "Listen to the Party, Feel Grateful to the Party, and Follow the Party." We will also explore concrete approaches to jointly advancing the integrated development of spiritual civilization between urban and rural areas, while refining the national assessment system for civilized villages and towns. Additionally, we will kick off the implementation of a cultural industry-driven plan aimed at empowering rural revitalization. Furthermore, we will consolidate resources from various culture-enrichment programs for rural residents, supporting farmers in spontaneously organizing culturally and sportively engaging activities—such as village songs, "village galas," square dancing, and fun sports events—that highlight the charm of agricultural life and rural traditions. To celebrate this initiative, we will successfully host the China Farmers' Harvest Festival. Meanwhile, we will strengthen efforts to preserve and pass down agricultural culture, promoting the protection and sustainable use of both intangible cultural heritage and significant agricultural cultural legacies. Finally, we will promote governance models like the points-based system, effectively leveraging village rules, family guidelines, and traditional family values. We’ll also advance pilot projects focused on reforming rural marriage customs and burial practices, addressing critical issues such as exorbitant bride prices and lavish wedding celebrations.

(28) Effectively safeguard rural social peace and stability Promote the development of safer and more law-based rural areas at a higher level. Establish a group of "Fengqiao-style police stations" and "Fengqiao-style people's courts." Regularly carry out campaigns to eliminate organized crime and evil forces, with sustained efforts to crack down on "village tyrants." Prevent黑恶势力 (organized crime groups), family-based clans, and other influential forces from eroding or undermining grassroots governance in rural areas. Strictly enforce the law to combat illegal activities such as gambling, drugs, and prostitution in rural regions, as well as crimes that violate the personal rights of women and children in rural communities. Strengthen legal education and awareness campaigns in rural areas. Enhance grassroots-level social psychological services and crisis intervention mechanisms, establishing comprehensive, one-stop systems for resolving conflicts and disputes through diversified approaches. Bolster the capacity of religious outreach and engagement in rural communities. Coordinately advance the integration of emergency management resources with rural governance frameworks, accelerating the deployment of proactive rural emergency broadcasting systems and guiding effective evacuation and shelter arrangements for residents during emergencies. Conduct thorough risk assessments and targeted remediation efforts in key areas such as rural transportation, fire safety, industrial safety, natural disaster preparedness, and food & drug safety. Vigorously address illegal activities like the production and sale of counterfeit agricultural inputs, illegal fundraising schemes, and telecom frauds in rural regions. Strengthen the enforcement capabilities of integrated agricultural administration and law enforcement agencies. Ensure that grassroots medical and health institutions fulfill their responsibilities in disease prevention and control. Continuously improve the rural COVID-19 prevention and control system, rigorously implementing collaborative prevention and control measures along with community-based surveillance and response strategies.

(29) Increase Investment in Rural Revitalization Continue prioritizing agriculture and rural areas as key areas for general public budget allocation, with central government investment within the budget further tilted toward these sectors, while firmly holding local governments accountable for their funding commitments. Strengthen evaluation and oversight mechanisms, and steadily increase the proportion of land transfer revenue allocated to agriculture and rural development. Support local governments in issuing government bonds specifically for eligible public-interest projects aimed at rural revitalization. Enhance the quality of project pipelines in the rural revitalization sector, and reinforce budget performance management and monitoring.

(30) Strengthen Financial Services for Rural Revitalization For local financial institutions that are legally established at the county level, conduct business within the county, and primarily channel funds toward rural revitalization, we will increase support through re-lending and re-discounting programs aimed at agriculture and small businesses, while also implementing more favorable reserve requirement policies. Additionally, we encourage all types of financial institutions to explore long-term credit models tailored for agricultural and rural infrastructure projects. We will accelerate the reform of rural credit cooperatives, strengthen the governance mechanisms of provincial (or autonomous region) rural credit cooperative federations, and ensure a steady approach to managing and resolving any emerging risks. Furthermore, we will refine the statistical framework for financial services supporting rural revitalization and introduce performance assessments to evaluate how financial institutions contribute to this critical initiative. To bolster rural development, we’ll deepen efforts to build robust rural credit systems and promote the expansion of credit loans specifically designed for farmers. At the same time, we’ll enhance public education on rural finance and reinforce protections for consumers’ financial rights and interests. Finally, we’ll actively expand agricultural insurance and reinsurance offerings, optimize and improve the "Insurance + Futures" model, and strengthen market-based mechanisms for sharing and compensating agricultural loan risks. This will ensure the effective utilization of agricultural credit guarantee schemes, further supporting sustainable growth in rural areas.

(31) Strengthen the Development of Talent Teams for Rural Revitalization Discover and cultivate strategic scientists in the agricultural sector. Launch the "Shennong Talent" program to accelerate the development of top-tier scientific and technological leaders, young talent in science and technology, and high-caliber innovation teams. Deeply implement the system of science and technology special commissioners. Roll out initiatives such as the High-Quality Farmer Training Program, the "Leading Goose" Project to nurture rural industry revitalization leaders, the Youth Action for Rural Revitalization, and the Women’s Action for Rural Development. Strengthen policies that favor open recruitment at grassroots institutions in remote and challenging areas, while introducing "targeted evaluation and utilization" for professional and technical personnel working at the county-level and below. Additionally, adopt a total-quantity control approach with separate allocation ratios for mid-to-senior level professional positions. Enhance the integrated system of agricultural education combining theory with practice. Optimize the structure of academic disciplines and specialties, and provide robust support for agricultural universities and vocational education programs. Cultivate specialized professionals in rural planning, design, construction, and management, as well as local talent rooted in their communities. Encourage local governments to introduce incentive policies that attract urban talent to serve and contribute to rural revitalization efforts.

(32) Ensure the effective implementation of key rural reform tasks We will launch a county-wide pilot program to extend the second round of land contracts by another 30 years after they expire. Additionally, we will consolidate and enhance the achievements made in the reform of the rural collective property rights system, exploring ways to establish a robust supervision, management, and service framework for rural collective assets, while also charting new pathways for developing rural collective economies. We will steadily advance pilot programs aimed at reforming the rural residential land system, ensuring that the registration and certification of housing and land combined are conducted in a standardized and orderly manner. Furthermore, we will carefully and systematically promote the entry of collectively owned, commercially viable construction land into the market. To support this initiative, we’ll encourage pilot projects that allow rural collective-owned commercial land-use rights to be used as collateral for financing. In addition, we’ll carry out comprehensive land consolidation pilots across entire regions, ensuring that these efforts are conducted in strict compliance with laws and regulations, yet remain orderly and well-organized. Meanwhile, we’ll continue deepening reforms related to the collective forestry rights system. We’ll also refine the management system for state-owned agricultural land use rights held by agricultural reclamation corporations. Finally, we’ll initiate pilot programs focused on standardizing the development of rural property rights transfer and trading markets, laying the groundwork for more efficient and transparent operations in this area.

(33) Strengthen Responsibilities for Fully Promoting Rural Revitalization . Develop implementation measures for the rural revitalization accountability system, clearly defining the responsibilities of various central and state-level departments in advancing rural revitalization, and strengthening the role of secretaries at all five levels in driving this initiative. Launch performance assessments for provincial-level Party and government leadership teams and officials on their achievements in implementing the rural revitalization strategy. Refine the assessment mechanisms for city- and county-level Party and government leadership teams and officials, encouraging local governments to provide appropriate incentives to cities and counties that rank highly, while holding constructive talks with those lagging behind or failing to fulfill their duties effectively. Ensure that officials at all levels—Party committees and governments—are assigned specific rural revitalization "liaison points." Drawing on Zhejiang's successful "Ten Million Project" experience, encourage local Party committees and governments to organize practical, hands-on activities such as on-site observation tours and knowledge-sharing exchanges. Conduct a comprehensive summary and evaluation of the implementation of the *Rural Revitalization Strategic Plan (2018–2022)*. Strengthen training programs for newly appointed Party and government leaders at all levels—especially those in charge of "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers"—particularly after major leadership transitions.

(34) Strengthen the Party's Rural Work Institutions The rural work leading groups of Party committees at all levels should play a pivotal role in spearheading and coordinating "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers" initiatives, as well as integrating responsibilities such as consolidating and expanding poverty alleviation achievements and comprehensively advancing rural revitalization. Efforts should be made to standardize and institutionalize the decision-making and coordination mechanisms of these leading groups at various levels, establishing robust systems for assigning and implementing key tasks while fostering collaborative progress in rural revitalization. Additionally, it is crucial to strengthen the capacity-building of the offices under these leading groups, ensuring adequate staffing, refining operational frameworks, and reinforcing their core functions—including providing policy advice, facilitating cross-departmental coordination, offering strategic guidance, overseeing implementation, and conducting rigorous monitoring and evaluation.

(35) Drive comprehensive rural revitalization through targeted initiatives and broader implementation. Launch the "100 Counties, 1,000 Towns, 10,000 Villages" Rural Revitalization Demonstration Initiative, adopting a "create first, certify later" approach to systematically establish a batch of demonstration counties, townships, and villages for rural revitalization at various levels. Simultaneously, advance the establishment of agricultural modernization demonstration zones. Actively mobilize social forces to join in rural revitalization efforts, and further deepen the "Ten Thousand Enterprises Revitalize Ten Thousand Villages" campaign. Additionally, set up a rural revitalization recognition and incentive system as per regulations.

Let us unite closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, work diligently and pragmatically, and strive wholeheartedly to usher in a new era of all-round rural revitalization—giving concrete action to warmly welcome the victorious convening of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party!

Source | Xinhua News Agency

Editor | Han Yukuo